What is one major challenge faced by Arizona's public water systems?

One major challenge faced by Arizona's public water systems is the issue of overpopulation and increased demand. As the state experiences significant population growth, the demand for water resources increases correspondingly. This puts immense pressure on existing water supplies, making it increasingly difficult for public systems to ensure that they can meet the water needs of residents, industries, and agriculture sustainably.

Overpopulation impacts the infrastructure and management of water systems, necessitating upgrades and expansions to accommodate the growing population, which can be logistically and financially challenging. Furthermore, with decreasing availability of water sources due to climate change, drought conditions, and regulatory constraints on water extraction, public systems must navigate a complex landscape of water management to ensure that they can provide a reliable supply of clean water to all users.

In contrast, other options mischaracterize the situation in Arizona. There is not an excess of water supply, as many regions are facing shortages. All water systems are not privately regulated; rather, Arizona has both public and private water systems. Lastly, the assurance of consistent water quality cannot be taken for granted due to various factors, including the infrastructure's condition and environmental influences.